M'moyo, nthawi zonse timayang'ana malo osiyanasiyana kuchokera kutali mpaka kutali, zomwe zimakhala zosavuta kwa abwenzi wamba, koma ndizosiyana kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la maso, lomwe ndi vuto lovuta kwambiri kapena lovutitsa.
Kodi kuthetsa vutoli?Zoonadi ndi magalasi othandizira othandizira, anthu a myopic okhala ndi magalasi, amatha kuona kutali, anthu omwe amawona kutali ndi magalasi amatha kuona pafupi, koma vuto limabwera, kuvala magalasi kuti awone patali, pamene akuyang'ana pafupi, sadzakhala omasuka kwambiri, komanso mofanana. ndi kuvala magalasi kuti muwone pafupi.Kodi bwino kuthetsa vutoli?Tsopano pali njira yothetsera vuto ili: magalasi opita patsogolo a multifocal.
Uwu ndiye mutu wa nkhaniyi - magalasi opitilira ma multifocal.
Ma lens a Progressive Multifocal, omwe amadziwikanso kuti ma lens opita patsogolo, amakhala ndi malo angapo pa lens imodzi monga momwe dzinalo limatanthawuzira.Ngati mandala agawanika kuchokera pomwe akulunjika, mandala amatha kugawidwa kukhala ma lens amodzi, ma lens awiri, ma multifocal lens.
· Magalasi athu odziwika bwino ndi magalasi amodzi, pomwe pamakhala kuwala kumodzi kokha;
· Bifocal lens ndi bifocal lens, yomwe inkagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi okalamba ambiri kuthetsa vuto lakuwona kutali ndi pafupi nthawi imodzi.Komabe, chifukwa cha zophophonya zake zazikulu komanso kutchuka kwa zinthu zambiri zomwe zikupita patsogolo, magalasi a bifocal adachotsedwa;
· Monga gawo lofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya chitukuko cha lens, multifocal lens idzakhalanso chitsogozo chachikulu cha kafukufuku wamtsogolo ndi chitukuko ndi kutchuka kwa msika.
Kubadwa ndi Chitukuko Mbiri ya ma lens opitilira patsogolo ambiri:
Mu 1907 Owen Aves poyamba anaika patsogolo lingaliro la multifocal lens patsogolo, kusonyeza kubadwa kwa lingaliro latsopano lowongolera masomphenya.
Mapangidwe a lens yapaderayi amapangidwa ndi mawonekedwe a chitamba cha njovu.Pamene kupindika kwa kutsogolo kwa mandala kumachulukitsidwa mosalekeza kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, mphamvu ya refractive imatha kusinthidwa molingana, ndiko kuti, mphamvu ya refractive imachulukitsidwa pang'onopang'ono komanso mosalekeza kuchokera kudera lakutali lomwe lili kumtunda kwa mandala mpaka malo oyandikira pansi pa disolo afika pa nambala yofunikira pafupi ndi diopter.
Pamaziko a mimba yapitayi, komanso mothandizidwa ndi zomwe zapindula zatsopano pakupanga ndi chitukuko choperekedwa ndi luso lamakono, mu 1951, munthu wa ku France Metenez adapanga lens yoyamba yopita patsogolo ya lingaliro lamakono, lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuvala zachipatala.Pambuyo pa kukonzanso zambiri, idayambitsidwa koyamba ku msika wa ku France mu 1959. Lingaliro lake lamakono la kuwongolera kowoneka bwino lidadziwika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo posakhalitsa linayambitsidwa ku continental Europe ndi North America.
Ndi chitukuko cha makompyuta ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu apamwamba ndi zida zopangira ndi kupanga magalasi a maso, mapangidwe a lens opita patsogolo apeza chitukuko chachikulu.Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri ndi: kuchokera ku single, hard, symmetric and spherical zone yakutali kupita kumitundu yosiyanasiyana, yofewa, yosasinthika komanso yowoneka bwino yakutali.Pachiyambi choyambirira cha galasi lopita patsogolo, anthu ankaganizira kwambiri za masamu, makina ndi kuwala.Pokhala ndi chidziwitso chokwanira cha mawonekedwe owonera, mapangidwe agalasi amakono komanso amtsogolo adzayang'ana kwambiri paubwenzi pakati pa galasi lopita patsogolo ndi ma physiological optics, ergonomics, aesthetics, psychophysics.
Pambuyo pazatsopano zingapo zazikulu, magalasi opita patsogolo adakhala chisankho choyamba pakuwongolera masomphenya m'maiko otukuka aku Western Europe monga France ndi Germany, okhala ndi mitundu yochulukira ya magalasi komanso anthu ovala magalasi opitilira patsogolo.Ku Japan ndi ku United States, kavalidwe ka lens kopita patsogolo kakuwonjezeka chaka chilichonse.M'chigawo cha Asia-Pacific ndi Kum'mawa kwa Europe, ndikulimbikitsa maphunziro a optometry okhala ndi ma lens opita patsogolo monga pachimake, ochulukirachulukira odziwa maso ndi optometrist amawona magalasi opita patsogolo ngati chisankho chofunikira pakuwongolera masomphenya.
Kodi ma lens opita patsogolo a multifocal ndioyenera ndani?
1. Cholinga choyambirira cha ma lens a multifocal ndikupereka njira yachilengedwe, yabwino komanso yabwino yowongolera odwala presbyopia.Kuvala mandala opita patsogolo kuli ngati kugwiritsa ntchito kamera ya kanema.Magalasi amatha kuwona zinthu zakutali, zapamtunda ndi zapakatikati bwino.Chifukwa chake, timafotokozera magalasi opita patsogolo ngati "magalasi omwe amawonekera".Mukavala magalasi amodzi, ndizofanana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi angapo.
2. Ndi kafukufuku wa "myopia development and regulation theory", magalasi opita patsogolo a multifocal akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito pang'onopang'ono kuti athetse kukula kwa myopia kwa achinyamata.
Ubwino wa multifocal mandala opitilira patsogolo
1. Maonekedwe a lens ndi ofanana ndi a monophoscope, ndipo palibe mzere wogawanika wa kusintha kwa digiri ungawonekere.Kukongola kwa lens kumateteza kufunika kwa wovalayo kuti asunge zaka zake payekha, komanso kumachotsa nkhawa za wovalayo poulula chinsinsi cha msinkhu wake povala bifocal m'mbuyomu.
2, kusintha kwa digiri ya mandala pang'onopang'ono, sikungabweretse kudumpha kwa chithunzi.Zomasuka kuvala, zosavuta kusintha.
3, digiri ya mandala pang'onopang'ono, kuchokera kutali kupita kufupi ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono, sikungabweretse kusinthasintha kwa kusintha kwa maso, kosavuta kuyambitsa kutopa kwamaso.
4. Kuwona bwino kungapezeke pamtunda uliwonse mkati mwa masomphenya.Magalasi amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutali, pafupi ndi mtunda wapakati panthawi imodzi.
Njira zodzitetezera pamagalasi opitilira ma multifocal
1. Pofananiza magalasi, sankhani chimango chachikulu.
Chifukwa mandala amayenera kugawidwa m'magawo akutali, apakati, ndi apafupi, ndi chimango chachikulu chokha chomwe chingatsimikizire kuti pali malo ambiri okwanira kuti agwiritse ntchito pafupi.Ndibwino kuti mufanane ndi chimango chathunthu, chifukwa kukula kwa lens, m'mphepete mwa lens kumapangitsa kuti m'mphepete mwake mutseke makulidwe a lens.
2 nthawi zambiri amafunikira sabata imodzi yosinthira, koma kutalika kwa nthawi yosinthira kumasiyana kuchokera kwa munthu kupita kwa munthu, yendani pang'onopang'ono mukakhala chizungulire.
3. Chifukwa chakuti mbali ziwiri za lens ndi astigmatic disorder area, zimakhala zovuta kuwona zinthu kumbali zonsezo kudzera mu mpira wonyezimira wowala, choncho m'pofunika kutembenuza khosi ndi diso nthawi imodzi kuti muwone bwino.
4. Mukatsika pansi, sungani magalasi anu otsika ndipo yesani kuwona kumtunda.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-27-2022